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Cairo

Cairo

Cairo was founded in the 10th CE by the Fatimid dynasty, making it one of the world's oldest Islamic cities. 200 years later, Cairo became the capital of Egypt. It soon grew into one of the centres of the Islamic world, one of the most important places of Islamic scholarship, and an important trading centre on the route between Europe and Asia.

Today the urban area's estimated population of close to 20 million makes Cairo the largest metropolitan area both of Africa and the Arab world. It has grown to include the former Egyptian capital of Fustat and the city of Giza with its pyramids. Both the Old Town of Cairo and the ancient necropolis of Giza are listed by UNESCO as World Heritage.