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Giza

Giza

The Giza plateau, overlooking the Nile Valley almost 20 km north of the ancient Egyptian capital of Memphis, was used as a necropolis since the first dynasty.

However, it was the fourth dynasty pharaohs who began building some of the most astonishing monuments of antiquity - first and foremost Pharaoh Khufu, or by his Greek name, Cheops, who around 2560 BCE ordered construction of the largest pyramid ever, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world.

Over the centuries, the complex grew to comprise the three Great Pyramids, the Great Sphinx, several smaller pyramids, other royal mortuary structures, temples, cemeteries, a workers' village and an industrial complex.

Since 1979, the whole area has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage site of "Memphis and its Necropolis - the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur".