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Nuremberg

Throughout the Middle Ages, Nuremberg, or Nürnberg in German, was one of the most important cities of Europe. Every newly elected king of Germany had to hold his first Imperial Diet (legislative body) at Nuremberg Castle, making the city the "unofficial capital" of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1423 to 1796, the German imperial regalia were kept in Nuremberg. The city was one of the wealthiest trade centres on the route to Italy; in the 15th and 16th centuries it was the hub of the Renaissance in Germany.

After the Thirty Years' War, Nuremberg gradually lost its leading role. In the 20th century, the city once again gained fame, albeit dubious, as one of the capitals of the Nazi Party - the Nazis were attracted by the very role the city had played in Medieval Germany.